{"id":608,"date":"2017-09-04T19:49:44","date_gmt":"2017-09-04T19:49:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/5.189.150.156\/~hjog\/?p=608"},"modified":"2022-02-02T11:18:35","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T11:18:35","slug":"reviewthe-endocrine-and-paracrine-role-of-placental-cytokines-growth-factors-and-peptides","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/?p=608","title":{"rendered":"The endocrine and paracrine role of placental cytokines, growth factors and peptides"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">Review<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Vrachnis Nikolaos<sup>1<\/sup>, Grigoriadis Charalampos<sup>1<\/sup>, Zygouris Dimitrios<sup>1<\/sup>, Vlachadis Nikolaos<sup>1<\/sup>, Antonakopoulos Nikolaos<sup>1<\/sup>, Iliodromiti Zoe<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup>2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,, Medical School, Aretaieio hospital, Athens, Greece<br \/>\n<sup>2<\/sup>National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece<\/p>\n<p>Correspondence: Vrachnis Nikolaos, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Aretaieio hospital, 76 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, GR &#8211; 11528, Athens, Greece, E &#8211; mail: nvrachnis@hjog.org<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hjog.org\/wp-content\/pdf\/2015\/The_endocrine_and_paracrine_role_of_placental_cytokines_growth_factors_and_peptides.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-130\" src=\"https:\/\/hjog.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf-icons-free-icons-in-file-icons-18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"48\" height=\"48\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h5>Abstract<\/h5>\n<p>The human placenta plays a major role in pregnancy as it is the main organ of communication between the mother and the fetus. One of its actions is the secretion of a variety of substances. Cytokines, growth factors and peptides are secreted by the placenta during pregnancy and may act via endocrine, autocrine and paracrine pathways. Cytokines promote trophoblast implantation as well as fetal growth and regulate both nutrient transportation and the immune response of the placenta. Placental growth factors contribute to the growth and differentiation of the trophoblast: they promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis and induce prostaglandin and oxytocin synthesis. Placental peptides enhance CRH production and relaxation of the<br \/>\nplacental vascular tone. Additionally, clinically speaking they aid in screening tests for early prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal abnormalities. The purpose of this review study was to investigate the actions of these substances in correlation with their potential involvement in pathophysiological pathways during pregnancy.<\/p>\n<p>Keywords: placenta, cytokines, growth factors, peptides<\/p>\n<p>p. 33-38<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vrachnis Nikolaos, Grigoriadis Charalampos, Zygouris Dimitrios, Vlachadis Nikolaos, Antonakopoulos Nikolaos, Iliodromiti Zoe<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hjog.org\/wp-content\/pdf\/2015\/The_endocrine_and_paracrine_role_of_placental_cytokines_growth_factors_and_peptides.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-130\" src=\"https:\/\/hjog.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/pdf-icons-free-icons-in-file-icons-18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"48\" height=\"48\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The human placenta plays a major role in pregnancy as it is the main organ of communication between the mother and the fetus. One of its actions is the secretion of a variety of substances. Cytokines, growth factors and peptides are secreted by the placenta during pregnancy and may act via endocrine, autocrine and paracrine pathways. Cytokines promote trophoblast implantation as well &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"<?php echo get_permalink(); ?>&#8220;> Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The human placenta plays a major role in pregnancy as it is the main organ of communication between the mother and the fetus. One of its actions is the secretion of a variety of substances. Cytokines, growth factors and peptides are secreted by the placenta during pregnancy and may act via endocrine, autocrine and paracrine pathways. Cytokines promote trophoblast implantation <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[618,619,620,500],"class_list":["post-608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2015-volume-14-issue-2","tag-cytokines","tag-growth-factors","tag-peptides","tag-placenta"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/608","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=608"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/608\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2538,"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/608\/revisions\/2538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=608"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=608"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hjog.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=608"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}