Emmanouil Stamatakis, Guram Devadze, Sofia Hadzilia, Dimitrios Valsamidis
Perioperative goal-directed hemodynamic therapy is a protocolized treatment strategy aimed at optimization of global cardiovascular dynamics, including oxygen delivery to tissues and organ perfusion pressure. This is achieved by titrating fluids, vasopressors, and inotropes to predefined physiological target values of hemodynamic variables …