Dimitrios Zacharakis, Eleni Pitsouni, Themos Grigoriadis, Christos Kalantzis, Dimitrios Loutradis, Stavros Athanasiou
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a new term for a condition more renowned as atrophic vaginitis. It is used to describe a variety of menopausal symptoms and signs that are related to the physical changes of the vulva, vagina and lower urinary tract. The etiology of GSM is secondary to decreased levels of endogenous estrogens and represents a common but underreported condition. In this update we present novel minimal invasive procedures that may benefit GSM …